Tuesday, December 23, 2003

John C. Wright "The Golden Age" series meditates on politics of posthuman society



I'm finishing the third book in John C. Wright's "The Golden Age" trilogy, Golden Age, Phoenix Exultant and Golden Transcendence. It takes place tens of millenia in the future with a wide variety of posthumans and super-intelligent AIs, living together in a utopian society. Wright explores the laws, governance, military and police functions of the society in a fascinating way, arguing that minarchism is possible because of a convergence on a consensual morality enforced by near universal surveillance. He says Olaf Stapledon is one of his forebears, but that
"As much as I admire him, Mr. Stapledon and I are philosophical foes. At the zenith of his human evolution, his Eighteenth Human Race on Neptune has a communist utopia with no private property; at the zenith of my human evolution, my Seventh Mental Structure is a libertarian utopia with no public property....

There would still be rich and poor, even if the poorest of the poor were absurdly well off by our standards. No advancements can eliminate differences in the abilities of men, or the differences in how men value the abilities of their fellow man (which is what causes inequality of prices and hence of incomes). If only by comparison, there will be poverty, even in Arcadia....

There will be war and rumors of war. No matter how peaceful, no matter how secure, no matter how fine and happy all living things might be, it is still easier, in the short term, to gain by rapine and violence than by reason, until and unless there is someone who stands ready to destroy you if you violate your covenants with your fellow man...

If there is a mechanism to restrain violence by means of a threat of violence, then there will be laws to govern that mechanism....And, if there are laws, there will be those to whom those laws, no matter how wise and gentle, seem rigid and oppressive....

There still will be dreams, great dreams, dreams of renown without peer. No matter how many tools, or how godlike the power, the super-technology of the future puts into human hands, human dreams will soar to places beyond what those powers can reach, or those tools do. Therefore, logically, there will be economic competition to prioritize how to spend those resources; there would still be things we are driven to do which we cannot do, even in Arcadia....

And there will be death, even in Arcadia. Entropy will eventually triumph, no matter in what strange bodies we house ourselves, or what sturdy systems we might use to store our minds. There will be those who can face grim reality, and those who will hide in illusions....

If there are happy children in some even farther future that dwell without wealth and poverty, love and war, law and chaos, birth and death, it is beyond my power to imagine. (link)

The least believable bit is the benign and helpful role played by the superintelligent AIs. SFF asked Wright about that:
SFF: "Why wouldn't the supercomputers just end up running things to suit themselves?"
A: I can only answer that by asking, what kind of engineer would build artificial minds to be mad if he could build them to be sane? Every time I see a story where the thinking machines are murderous villains, I wonder why someone would build a murderous villain...Besides, I see no inevitable reason why intelligent beings, super-intelligent beings, and hyper-super-intelligent beings cannot live together in reasonable harmony: quite the opposite. It is a rule of economics, a law of nature, so to speak, that cooperation is more mutually advantageous than mutual destruction. All you need is basic agreement on basic ground rules.... link
Well, that and a functioning governemnt with legitimate exercise of the monopoly of violence, which his novel also demonstrates in the character Atkins.